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Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which affects approximately 6.8 million, 3.1 percent Americans and about twice as many women as men, is more than the normal anxiety people experience every day. It is an exaggerated worry and tension, although nothing or little is provoking it. People with GAD always anticipate disaster and may worry excessively about health, money, work or chores, such as car repairs or appointments.

Worries are accompanied by physical symptoms, especially fatigue, headaches, muscle tension, muscle aches, difficulty swallowing, trembling, twitching, irritability, sweating, and hot flashes. People with GAD may feel lightheaded or out of breath. They also may feel nauseated or have to go to the bathroom frequently. Having GAD makes it difficult to relax, and those with the condition are edgy and startle easily. The ability to concentrate or to fall or stay asleep can also be affected.

Unlike people with several other anxiety disorders, people with GAD don't characteristically avoid certain situations as a result of their disorder. If the GAD is mild, people with the disorder usually can function in social settings or on the job. If severe, GAD can be very debilitating, making it difficult to carry out ordinary daily activities.

The disorder comes on gradually and can begin anytime during life, though the risk is highest between childhood and middle age. It is diagnosed when someone spends at least 6 months worrying excessively about a number of everyday problems. There is evidence that genes play a modest role in GAD.

GAD is commonly treated with medications. GAD rarely occurs alone, however; it is usually accompanied by another anxiety disorder, depression, or substance abuse. These other conditions must be treated along with GAD.
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